except意为"只有……除外;除去……",后跟名词或代词作宾语,强调从整体中除去部分,即except后的部分不包括在整体之内.因此,常和all,everything,noone,nothing等词一起使用.其判别标志是:除去的与保留的是"同类项".例如:
1.Allofthemwentoutforawalk________John.
A.besidesB.exceptC.besideD.excepts
2.Everyoneishere________XiaoWangandme.
A.exceptB.besidesC.besideD.excepts
析:Key:1.B2.A.因除去的与保留的是"同类项",且1、2题中有信息词All、Everyone.
二、exceptfor/that的用法--"排除否定式"
except除后跟名词、代词作宾语外,还可跟介词,也可跟从句.
(1)exceptfor...是"除了因为……;要不是……;除去……一点外"的意思,表示"对一个人或事物,先做一个整体评价,然后再就局部提出一点看法".即一部分被肯定,另一部分被否定,这就是所谓的"排除否定式".其判别标志是:除去的与保留的"不是同类项".例如:
1.Itwasdarkinthecity________afewweaklights.
A.exceptforB.exceptC.besidesD.butfor
2.Yourcompositionisverygood________afewspellingmistakes.
A.exceptthatB.exceptfor
C.besidesD.beside
析:Key:1.A2.B.因为除去的与保留的"不是同类项",故选exceptfor.
(2)exceptthat...也是"除去……一点外"的意思,但应注意恰当地使用引导词.若从句句意和结构完整,只需用引导词that.例如:
1.Thesuitfittedhimwell________thecolorwasalittlebrighter.
A.exceptforB.exceptthat
C.exceptwhenD.besides`
析:Key:B.本题题意为"除色彩艳了一点儿外,这套衣服很适合他",从句thecolorwasalittlebrighter句意和结构完整,只需用引导词that,故选exceptthat.
2.-Canyoutellmeallabouttheearthquake?
-Sorry,Iknownothingaboutit________Ireadinthenewspaper.
A.exceptB.exceptfor
C.exceptwhatD.exceptthat
析:Key:C.因从句中read为及物动词,且其后无宾语,故选exceptwhat.
3.MrGreenusuallygoestoworkbybus________itrains.
A.besidesB.exceptwhen
C.exceptwhatD.beside
析:Key:B.由于itrains为从句,故排除A、D,且rains为不及物动词,不需要宾语,故排除C.exceptwhen意为"除了当……的时候".
(3)exceptfor与exceptthat有时可互相转换.例如:
1.Yourcompositionisverygoodexceptforafewspellingmistakes.
=Yourcompositionisverygoodexceptthatthereareafewspellingmistakes.
2.Thevillageisveryquietexceptforsomebirdssinginginthewoods.
=Thevillageisveryquietexceptthattherearesomebirdssinginginthewoods.
三、besides的用法--"包括式"
besides相当于aswellas,意为"除了……以外还有……",即"除去一部分还有另外一部分"的意思,表示besides后面的部分包括在整体之内.例如:
1.DoesJohnknowanyotherforeignlanguage________French.
A.exceptB.but
C.besidesD.beside
析:Key:C.由本题中的信息词"anyotherforeignlanguage",可知选besides.